A back sprain is an injury that affects the ligaments in the back, which are the tough bands of tissue that connect bones near the joints. It can happen when the ligaments are stretched or torn due to a sudden activity, overexertion, or lifting. A back sprain can cause pain, inflammation, tenderness, and muscle spasms in the lower or upper back.

Here are some ways to treat back sprains:

• Rest: Avoid activities that cause pain, swelling or discomfort. But don’t avoid all physical activity.
• Ice: Even if you’re seeking medical help, ice the area immediately. Use an ice pack or slush bath for 15 to 20 minutes every two to three hours during the day. Always keep a towel between your skin and the ice pack.
• Compression: To help stop swelling, compress the area with an elastic bandage until the swelling stops. Don’t wrap it too tightly or you may hinder circulation.
• Elevation: To reduce swelling, elevate your foot above the level of your heart, especially at night. Gravity helps reduce swelling by draining excess fluid.

You can also take over-the-counter pain relievers such as ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin IB) or acetaminophen (Tylenol) to help relieve pain

Some common causes of back sprains are:

• Sudden twisting or pulling of a muscle or tendon in the lower back e.g. during playing sports or exercise.
• Overuse or prolonged use of lower back muscles e.g. carrying heavy weight everyday.
• Improper lifting positions or overstressing the back muscles with heavy weight.
• Repeated stress on the back muscles through improper posture, lifting, body mechanics during daily activities.